Wednesday, January 6, 2010

Quadratic Equations!!

Quadratic equations of one variable (unknown) appears in the form ax^2+bx+c=0 where a,b,c are constants and a≠0

Examples of quadratic equation:
Example 1: 5x^2+12x+7=0
This is a quadratic equation because a,b,c are constants and a≠0.

Example 2: 6x^2+4x=9
This is a quadratic equation because by using the Addition Property of Equality, we can change this into the form of ax^2+bx+c=0 by subtracting 2 on each side.

Example 3: 5x^2+12x=0
This is a quadratic equation because c can be 0 and a≠0.

Example 4: 6x^2-9=0
This is a quadratic equation because b can be 0 and a≠0.

For example 5, 6 and non-example 1,2
Question: Are these equations quadratic?

Example 5: (x-4)(x+2)=0
This is a quadratic equation because by using the Distributive Property, we can change this into the form of ax^2+bx+c=0 by multiplying out the terms in the brackets.

Example 6: 9x+ 5/x-11=0
This is a quadratic equation because we can change this into the form of ax^2+bx+c=0 by multiplying out the denominator.

Non-example 1: (x^2-4)(x+2)=0
This is a not a quadratic equation because by using the Distributive Property and multiplying the terms in the bracket, there is a x^3 term.

Non-example 2: 3x^2+4/x-12=0
This is a not a quadratic equation because by using the Distributive Property, there is a x^3 term.

Note: Quadratic equations always have a x^2 term, maybe a x term and a constant. The equation is also quadratic if there is a x^2 term after multiplying out.

Rationale
Recognise quadratic equations!!

Monday, November 23, 2009

Electrolysis

Electolysis is the decomposition of ionic compounds by means of passing a current through the molten or solution form of a particular compound.

For electrolysis to occur, we must have:

A compound!
Many chemicals around us exists as compounds. Sodium Chloride (table salt), Iron (III) Oxide(rust), copper (II) sulphate..., just to name a few. Notice that the examples of compounds I have given only consist of two elements. I assure you that there are many(much much more!!) chemicals that consist of more than two elements. However, to simplify things, I have choosen compounds that consist of only two elements, the minimum number for decomposition to occur. You cannot possibly decompose something made up of only one substance(decomposing pure copper = copper! though they may be of different states).

Not just any compound, but an ionic compound!
What is an Ionic compound? Compounds with ionic bonds!
How are Ionic bonds form? When a metallic atom donates its valence electron(s) to a non-metallic atom.
The result? A ion with positive charge (cation) and an ion with negative charge (anion).
(cat-ion? an-ion? Just terms Scientists use, because they are lazy to write "ion with positive charge", ps. please dont quote me!)

Then we have to make the compound molten (melted) or in solution (dissolved)